Johnny Hodges
Source: Michihisa Ishikawa
Born on 25 July 1906 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Johnny Hodges, clarinet and alto sax, is largely associated with Duke Ellington, both as a composer and musician. Hodges first played professionally as a kid, performing piano for eight dollars an evening. He was playing soprano sax by the time he was teenager and was making a local name for himself around Boston when he moved to New York City in 1924.
After an unissued recording with Chick Webb in 1926 Hodges joined Ellington's Washingtonians in 1928. He is thought to have first recorded with Ellington on June 25 that year per two tracks each of 'What a Life' (unissued), 'Yellow Dog Blues' and 'Tishomingo Blues' (Brunswick 3987). Ellington had been running his band for about four years. Hodges attended above a thousand sessions during his career, most of them with Ellington excepting 1951-55 when he led his own orchestra. He would spend his first quarter century in Ellington's organization working with drummer, Sonny Greer, until the latter departed Ellington in 1951. Per below are several titles with Ellington during Hodges' first year with him in 1928, followed by 'It's Like Reaching for the Moon' gone down in 1936 with the Teddy Wilson Orchestra backing Billie Holiday.
'Yellow Dog Blues' Johnny Hodges w Ellington's Washingtonians
Hodges' first recording to see issue
25 June 1928 in NYC Matrix E27771-A Brunswick 3987 / 6802 / 80049
Trumpet: Arthur Whetsel / Bubber Miley / Louis Metcalf
Trombone: Joe Nanton
Clarinet / sax: Barney Bigard / Johnny Hodges / Harry Carney
Piano: Ellington Banjo: Fred Guy Bass: Wellman Braud Drums: Sonny Greer
Composition: WC Handy
'Diga Diga Doo' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
10 July 1928 in NYC Matrix W400859-B Okeh 8602
Trumpet: Bubber Miley / Arthur Whetsel Trombone: Joe Nanton
Clarinet / sax: Johnny Hodges / Barney Bigard / Harry Carney
Piano / arrangement: Ellington Banjo: Fred Guy Bass: Wellman Braud
Drums: Sonny Greer Vocal: Irving Mills
Music: Jimmy McHugh Lyrics: Dorothy Fields 1928
'The Mooche' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
1 Oct 1928 in NYC Matrix W401175-A Okeh 8623
Trumpet: Bubber Miley / Arthur Whetsel Trombone: Joe Nanton
Clarinet / sax: Barney Bigard / Johnny Hodges / Harry Carney
Piano: Ellington Banjo: Fred Guy Bass: Wellman Braud
Drums: Sonny Greer Vocal: Baby Cox
Composition: Ellington / Irving Mills
'Hot and Bothered' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
1 Oct 1928 in NYC Matrix W401177-A Okeh 8623
Trumpet: Bubber Miley / Arthur Whetsel Trombone: Joe Nanton
Clarinet / sax: Barney Bigard / Johnny Hodges / Harry Carney
Piano: Ellington Banjo: Fred Guy Bass: Wellman Braud
Drums: Sonny Greer Vocal: Baby Cox
Composition: Ellington
'I Must Have That Man' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Cotton Club Orchestra
15 Nov 1928 in NYC Matrix 48168-1 Victor V38007
Trumpet: Bubber Miley / Freddy Jenkins / Arthur Whetsel Trombone: Joe Nanton
Clarinet / sax: Barney Bigard / Johnny Hodges / Harry Carney
Piano: Ellington Banjo: Fred Guy
Bass: Wellman Braud Drums: Sonny Greer
Music: Jimmy McHugh Lyrics: Dorothy Fields 1928
'It's Like Reaching for the Moon' Johnny Hodges w Teddy Wilson and His Orchestra
30 June 1936 in NYC Matrix B19495-2 Brunswick 7702
Trumpet: Jonah Jones Alto sax: Hodges Clarinet / baritone sax: Harry Carney
Piano: Wilson Guitar: Lawrence "Larry" Lucie
Bass: John Kirby Drums: Cozy Cole Vocal: Billie Holiday
Composition: Al Lewis / Gerald Marqusee / Al Sherman
Hodges had first recorded as a band leader in New York City on May 20, 1937, 'Peckin' with piano by Ellington and vocal by Buddy Clark among tracks documented that day:
'A Sailboat In the Moonlight' Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
20 May 1937 in NYC Matrix 21187-1 Variety 586
Trumpet: Cootie Williams Alto sax: Hodges / Otto Hardwick
Clarinet / tenor sax: Barney Bigard Baritone sax: Harry Carney
Piano: Duke Ellington Guitar: Fred Guy
Bass: Hayes Alvis Drums: Sonny Greer Vocal: Buddy Clark
Composition: Carmen Lombardo / John Jacob Loeb
'Peckin'' Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
20 May 1937 in NYC 1 of 3 takes issued on either FDC 1022 or Raretone RTE23005
Trumpet: Cootie Williams Alto sax: Hodges / Otto Hardwick
Clarinet / tenor sax: Barney Bigard Baritone sax: Harry Carney
Piano: Duke Ellington Guitar: Fred Guy
Bass: Hayes Alvis Drums: Sonny Greer Vocal: Cootie Williams et al
Composition: Ben Pollack / Harry James
Recorded the same year by both Benny Goodman and Cab Calloway
Ellington contributed piano and backed Hodges' bands numerously throughout the decades to come, including Hodges' first recording of 'Passion Flower' in 1941, a title composed by Billy Strayhorn. 'Passion Flower' got rendered often for the next thirty years by Hodges with Ellington, appears on Hodges' album, 'Creamy' of 1955, and has been popular to cover ever since. Among numerous titles composed by Hodges, 'Going Out the Back Way' reached #10 on Billboard's R&B in 1944 [Music VF], recorded by Hodges and his orchestra with 'Passion Flower' in 1941. 'Castle Rock' by Al Sears banged the bell at #4 of Billboard's R&B in September of 1951, performed by Hodges and his orchestra. Leroy Lovett's 'A Pound of Blues' also reached #4 on Billboard's R&B, recorded by the Hodges orchestra
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'Passion Flower' Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
3 July 1941 in Hollywood Matrix 061347-1 issued on Bluebird 30-0817 in 1944
Trumpet: Ray Nance
Composition: Billy Strayhorn
'Goin' Out the Back Way' Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
3 July 1941 in Hollywood Matrix 061349-1 issued on Bluebird 30-0817 in 1944
Trumpet: Ray Nance
Composition: Hodges
Per above, Hodges concentrated on his own orchestra from 1951 to 1955 during which time his initial vinyl album appeared in 1952 per 'Collates' containing 'Castle Rock' gone down on 3 March 1951 and 'A Pound of Blues' following on 13 January 1952. Hodges returned to Ellington's operation in time for the 1956 Newport Jazz Festival that summer. Hodges hung with Ellington the remainder of his career. His last recording project as a leader arrived in March of 1970 to put away his album, 'Three Shades of Blue'. He continued with Ellington into April of 1970 to contribute to 'New Orleans Suite'. This was Ellington's eighth studio album and Hodges' final since he died between its first and last of two recording sessions. Giving his last performance at the Imperial Room in Toronto, Ontario, he died of heart attack at the dentist several days later on 11 May 1970. One may note Hodges' composure as he delivers titles in visual media below. This virtuosic performer of swing jazz had an even cooler stage presence than Ellington, rippling beautiful melodies while yet looking only distracted while passing time waiting for a bus.
'Collates' Album by Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
'Containing 'Castle Rock' and 'A Pound of Blues'
15 Jan 1951 / 3 March 1951 / 13 Jan 1952 / 17 Jan 1952 Clef Records MGC111
Trumpet: Emmett Berry Trombone: Lawrence Brown
Alto sax: Hodges Tenor sax: Al Sears
Clarinet / tenor sax: Barney Bigard Baritone sax: Harry Carney
Piano: Billy Strayhorn / Leroy Lovett
Bass: Lloyd Trotman Drums: Sonny Greer
'Creamy' Album by Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
8 Sep 1955 in NYC Norgran MGN1045
Trumpet: Clark Terry Trombone: Lawrence Brown
Alto sax: Hodges Clarinet / tenor sax: Jimmy Hamilton Baritone sax: Harry Carney
Piano: Billy Strayhorn Bass: Jimmy Woode Drums: Sonny Greer
'Cherry' Album by Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra
From the album 'Cue for Saxophone' recorded 14 April 1959 in NYC Felsted FAJ7008
Trumpet: Harold "Shorty" Baker Trombone: Quentin Jackson
Clarinet: Russell Procope Alto sax: Hodges as Cue Porter
Piano: Billy Strayhorn Bass: Al Hall Drums: Oliver Jackson
Composition: Don Redman / Ray Gilbert
'All of Me' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
Filmed live 9 Oct 1959 at the Kongreßhaus in Zürich, Switzerland LOC
Trumpet: Cat Anderson / Clark Terry / Andres Merenguito / Ray Nance
Trombone: Britt Woodman / Quentin Jackson / Booty Wood
Clarinet / various sax: Russell Procope / Jimmy Hamilton / Harry Carney
Alto sax: Hodges Tenor sax: Paul Gonsalves
Piano: Ellington Bass: Jimmy Woode Drums: Jimmy Johnson
Composition: Gerald Marks / Seymour Simons 1931
'Passion Flower' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
TV-Byen television broadcast on 23 Jan 1967 in Copenhagen, Denmark
Composition: Billy Strahorn
Medley: 'Black Butterfly' / 'Things Ain't What They Used to Be' / 'Laying On Mellow'
Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
Filmed live 25 Nov 1969 at Colston Hall in Bristol, England
'Black Butterfly': Duke Ellington / Irving Mills / Ben Carruthers 1936
'Things Ain't What They Used to Be': Mercer Ellington / Ted Persons 1942
'Laying On Mellow': David M. Ellingson
'Three Shades of Blue' Johnny Hodges w Leon Thomas and Oliver Nelson
Johnny Hodges last name recordings
Album recorded 17 /19 March 1970 in NYC Flying Dutchman FDS120
Trumpet: Ernie Royal / Marvin Stamm / Randy Brecker / Snooky Young
Trombone: Al Grey / Quentin Jackson / Garnett Brown / Tom Mitchell
Various reed: Bob Ashton / Jerome Richardson / Danny Bank / Jerry Dodgion / Joe Farrell
Alto sax: Hodges Piano: Hank Jones Bass: Ron Carter Drums: Grady Tate
Arrangements / conducting: Oliver Nelson Vocals: Leon Thomas
'Blues for New Orleans' Johnny Hodges w Ellington and His Orchestra
From the album 'New Orleans Suite' recorded 27 April & 13 May 1970 in NYC
Hodges is missing from the 13 May session as he died on 11 May 1970
Trumpet: Harold "Money" Johnson / Cootie Williams / Mercer Ellington / Alan Rubin / Fred Stone
Trombone: Booty Wood / Julian Priester / Malcolm Taylor
Clarinet / various sax: Russell Procope / Norris Turney / Harry Carney
Alto sax: Hodges Tenor sax: Paul Gonsalves
Piano / arrangement: Ellington Organ: Wild Bill Davis
Bass: Joe Benjamin Drums: Rufus Jones
Composition: Ellington
Sources & References for Johnny Hodges:
All Music (Scott Yanow)
James Nadal (All About Jazz)
Syncopated Times (Scott Yanow)
VF History (notes)
Compositions: Music VF SecondHandSongs
Film / Television: IMDb
Interviews:
June 1962 (Hodges w Harry Carney by Don DeMichael for Downbeat)
Unknown (Hodges describes his musical life from childhood to joining Ellington)
Recordings: Catalogs:
45 Worlds Discogs RYM Wikipedia
Recordings: Compilations:
Passion Flower 1940-46 (Bluebird 1995)
The Stanley Dance Sessions (1959/61 on Lone Hill Jazz LHJ10191 / 2005)
Recordings: Select:
New Orleans Suite / Duke Ellington / Atlantic SD1580 / 1971:
Recordings: Sessions:
DAHR (Johnny Hodges 1928-59)
DAHR (Johnny Hodges and His Orchestra 40-41)
Tom Lord: leading 116 of 1038 sessions 1927-70
Saxophones Used by Hodges: Bassic Sax Blog Sax on the Web
Further Reading:
Whitney Balliett (Jazz Profiles)
Donald Clarke (Music Box)
Joe Maita (Interview with Con Chapman, author of Rabbit’s Blues / 5 January 2020)
Marc Myers (Hodges and Wild Bill Davis)
Bibliography:
Rabbit’s Blues: The Life and Music of Johnny Hodges by Con Chapman / Oxford University Press / 2019:
Steven Cerra Con Chapman Thomas Cunniffe Google Books
Authority Search: VIAF
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